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Your Form W-4 controls how much federal income tax your employer withholds from every paycheck. Fill in your details below (2026 tax brackets) to see your recommended Step 3 amount, how your withholding compares to what you'll actually owe, and whether you're on track for a refund or a balance due.

$

Enter combined wages if you have more than one job.

$2,000 credit each.

$500 credit each.

$

Income not from a paycheck (W-4 Step 4a).

$

Itemized amount over the standard deduction (Step 4b).

$

Any additional amount you ask your employer to withhold each paycheck.

Download the official W-4 from IRS.gov →

Educational estimate only, not tax advice. Uses 2026 federal income tax brackets and standard deductions and a simplified withholding model. It does not include state tax, FICA, the Social Security wage cap, or every credit. For an official estimate use the IRS Tax Withholding Estimator, and confirm your W-4 with a tax professional.

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What the W-4 actually does

Form W-4 is the short IRS form you give your employer when you start a job (or any time your situation changes). It doesn't set your tax bill — it sets your withholding, the amount of federal income tax pulled from each paycheck as an advance payment toward that bill. Fill it out well and your withholding lands close to your real tax, so you break even in April. Fill it out poorly and you either hand the IRS an interest-free loan (a big refund) or get hit with a surprise balance due.

The modern W-4 (redesigned in 2020) no longer uses "allowances." Instead it asks about your filing status, whether you hold multiple jobs, your dependents, and any other income or deductions. The calculator below turns those same inputs into concrete numbers using the 2026 federal tax brackets.

How to read your results

Recommended Step 3 amount is the dependent-credit total to enter on line 3 of your W-4 — $2,000 per qualifying child under 17 and $500 per other dependent. Entering it reduces your withholding by that amount over the year.

Estimated tax owed vs. withheld compares your projected annual federal tax liability against how much your paycheck withholding will cover. If withholding is higher, you get a refund; if it's lower, you owe.

Projected refund or balance due is the bottom line. A result within a few hundred dollars of zero is ideal — it means your paycheck is right-sized. If you're projected to owe, the calculator tells you how much extra to add on Step 4(c) per paycheck to break even. If you're over-withholding, you can dial that back and keep more each payday.

Common reasons your W-4 needs updating

A second job or a working spouse is the most common cause of under-withholding, because each employer withholds as if that job is your only income. Getting married, having a child, buying a home, or picking up significant side income are all triggers to redo your W-4. If you got a large refund or a large bill last year, that's a clear signal your current W-4 is off. When you're ready, download the official W-4 from IRS.gov and give the updated form to your employer's payroll or HR team.

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Now see your take-home pay

Once your W-4 is dialed in, estimate your actual paycheck after taxes with our other free tools.

Open the calculators →

Frequently asked questions

Your W-4 tells your employer how much federal income tax to withhold from each paycheck. Claiming dependents in Step 3 lowers withholding; adding extra withholding in Step 4(c) raises it. Getting it right means you neither owe a big bill nor give the IRS a large interest-free loan at tax time.
Step 3 is for dependent credits. Multiply the number of qualifying children under 17 by $2,000, and other dependents by $500, then enter the total. This calculator computes that Step 3 amount for you based on the dependents you enter.
A refund means more was withheld than your actual tax — you overpaid during the year. Owing means too little was withheld, often because of a second job, side income, or dependents claimed incorrectly. Adjusting your W-4 (Step 3 credits or Step 4c extra withholding) brings withholding in line with what you actually owe.
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